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measures of gender equality
Measures of gender (in)equality are statistical tools used to quantify the concept of gender equality.
There are over three hundred different indicators used to measure gender equality, as well as a number of prominent indices.〔 The most prominent indices of gender equality include UNDP's Gender-related Development Index (GDI) and the Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), introduced in 1995. More recent measures include the Gender Equity Index (GEI) introduced by Social Watch in 2004, the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI) developed by the World Economic Forum in 2006, and the Social Institutions and Gender Index of OECD Development Centre from 2007.
==Indicators==
Sample indicators of gender equality include gender-sensitive breakdowns of the number or percentages of positions as legislators or senior managers, presence of civil liberties such as freedom of dress or freedom of movement, social indicators such as ownership rights such as access to banks or land, crime indicators such as violence against women, health and education indicators such as life expectancy, educational attainment, and economic indicators such as labor force participation or earned income.〔
To reduce the number of individual statistics to be cited, several indices composed of aggregated indicators are commonly used.〔
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